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The Mallow Family, Malvaceae
The mallow family is a moderately large one of approximately 197 genera and 2,850 species worldwide. It takes its name from the Latin word malva, used in the past for various mallows. The family has considerable economic importance. Gossypium species include cotton plants, important for their textile fiber and for oil extracted from their seeds. Species of hibiscus and the related rose-of-sharon (Hibiscus spp.) are ornamental garden plants. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench) is also a Malvaceae. The hollyhock (Alcea rosea l.) is another popular garden mallow. Most mallows are easily recognizable. Their flowers are five-petaled and grow in terminal clusters. Staminate tubes formed by fusion of the filaments of the anthers protrude from the center of the flowers (very noticeable in the hibiscus, but present in all) and help with identification.
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Gooseberryleaf globe mallow, Sphaeralcea
grossulariifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Rydb.
(left). This plant is sometimes considered a weed because
of its casual growth along trails and roadsides. If one believes that weeds
are competitive, harmful plants then this plant is getting a bad press. It
is non-aggressive and its five-petaled orange flowers brighten the landscape.
The Greek sphaera means globe and alcea for the
name of the hollyhock. The species name grossulariifolia is also from
the Latin and means gooseberry leafs, from the similarity of
this plants leaves to those of the common gooseberry.
Streambank globe mallow, Iliamna rivularis (Douglas ex Hook.) Greene (right). This mallow is sometimes referred to as a wild hollyhock (although true hollyhocks are in genus Alcea). The name Iliamna apparently came from an Athabaskan word, used for Lake Iliamna in Alaska; rivularis, means of brooklets. The latter is an apt term, for this lovely montane plant blooms in mid-summer along streams, and in dry creek beds. Its showy pink flowers, the flowers staminate tubes, and alternating maple-like leaves identify the plant. |
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